🔩 Assembly manual for a small CNC Laser Engraver with a budget not exceeding 5,000 baht.

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🚀 Assembly Guide for a Small CNC Laser Engraver (Budget not more than 5,000 baht)

This content provides a detailed guide for beginners who want to assemble and operate a small Computer Numerical Control (CNC) laser engraving machine, which is characterized by its low price (under 5,000 baht or approximately $140 USD). This guide will help turn a complex kit into a real working tool.

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📦 Introducing the Kit

The most affordable CNC laser kits found on the market usually consist of the following main parts:

• Frame: Usually made from aluminum profiles (Aluminum Extrusion) and plastic/acrylic parts.

• Motion System:

  • Stepper Motors: Small motors (such as NEMA 17) for controlling movement in the X-axis (left-right) and Y-axis (front-back).

  • Belts & Pulleys: Used to transmit power from the Stepper motor.

  • Rods/Rails: These are the guides that allow the laser head to move precisely.

• Laser Module: Low to medium wattage diode laser (e.g. 5W - 15W) suitable for engraving on wood, leather, paper and some plastics.

• Controller Board: A GRBL board (open source CNC control firmware) is usually used, which must be connected to the computer via USB.

• Power Supply: For supplying power to the motor and laser head.

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🛠️ Assembly Steps

The assembly is divided into the following main parts:

1. Structural assembly:

   • Assemble the aluminum profiles together to form a square frame according to the instructions (emphasizing perpendicularity and tightness).

   • Install the slide rails and shafts for the X and Y axes into the structure.

2. Installation of the drive unit:

   • Fasten the stepper motor to the designated location (usually at the corner of the structure).

   • Install the belt and pulley to the proper tension so that the motor can drive the X and Y axes accurately.

3. Laser head installation:

   • Attach the laser head to the X-axis structure assembly (the assembly that will move back and forth).

   • Connect the laser power cable to the correct port on the control panel.

4. Wiring:

   • Connect the wires from all stepper motors to the control board (be careful not to connect the wrong pins).

   • Connect the power supply to the control panel and the home power outlet.

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💻 Basic Software Setup for Beginners

For a CNC machine to work, two types of software are required:

1. G-Code Generation Software (CAM Software):

   • Function: Convert the image/design that we want to engrave into a set of numerical commands called G-Code (a language that the CNC machine understands).

   • Examples: Inkscape (with the J-Tech Photonics Laser Tool extension) or LightBurn (for those who want simplicity and full features, but may be costly).

2. Control software (G-Code Sender):

   • Function: Receive G-Code from G-Code generating software and send the command set to CNC machine control panel via USB cable.

   • Examples: LaserGRBL (free and very popular for beginners) or Universal Gcode Sender (UGS).

Basic usage steps:

1. Install Driver: Install the USB driver for the CNC control panel.

2. Connect: Open the control software (such as LaserGRBL) and select the correct COM port, then click Connect.

3. Calibration: Test the movement of X and Y axes to ensure the machine moves as per command.

4. Start the job: Load the G-Code file created in the control software, adjust the laser power and speed settings (Power & Speed) and start engraving.

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📌 What users will get from this guide

• Understanding the basic parts of a cost-effective CNC laser machine

• Clear assembly steps and reduced errors

• Guide to choosing and setting up the right software for beginners (with an emphasis on free options)

• You can create your own laser engraving tools on a limited budget.

main	CNC Laser Engraver , DIY Kit , Laser Engraving Machine , Craftsmanship , Technology
Budget/Target Group	Budget , Beginner , Beginner , Not more than 5000 baht , Low Budget
Assembly	Assembly Manual , Assembly Steps , CNC Set Up , Machine Setup
software	GRBL , G-Code , LaserGRBL , Software Setup , Software Settings
language	Thai language , manual

1. First image: Shows an overview of the kit and the limited budget.

   

Caption: "BUILD YOUR OWN. AFFORDABLE. POWERFUL. (BUDGET: <$140 / 5000 THB)"

2. Second picture: Shows the steps for assembling the frame and installing the motor.

   

Caption: "ASSEMBLY STEPS - Build the Frame & Mount Motors"

3. Third picture: Shows the wiring connections and installation of the laser head to the control panel.

   

Caption: "WIRING & LASER SETUP - Connect Motors, Laser, & Power to Control Board"

4. Fourth picture: Shows the software settings and actual use with the computer.

   

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